This book is a work of 10 distinguished researchers from the Nile Basin institutions who convened at the University of Bergen under the umbrella of the Nile Basin Research Programme (NBRP) and representing all the Nile Basin countries except DR Congo, they convened under the theme "Shaping Research Universities" and started out asking critical questions about the state of the African research university in their various countries of the Nile Basin. for any student of higher education in Africa , this cross-national study will provide a necessary tool for comparison. For anyone looking to promote cross-national, regional and even international cooperation, this book ought to be a must read.